Apparatus for coking liquefiable bituminous materials



Dec. 9, 1924.

F. PUENING APPARATUS FOR COKING LIQUEFIABLE BITUMINOUS MATERIALS Dec. 9, 1924.

APPARATUS FOR C LMSAS F. PUENlNG OKI-'NG LIQUEFIABLE BITUMINOUS MATERIALS Filea Deo. 2o, 1920;

A 2 Sheets-Sheet, 2

eine

FRANZ PUIENING, F PITTSBURGH, PNNSYLVANI, AASSEGNGR TO AMERICAN TAR PRODUCTS OCIMPANY, OF CHICAGC, ILLXNOIS, A CORFGRATEON OF DELAWARE. I

APPARATUS-FOR. CGK'ING' LIQUEFIABLE erBITUEJWOUS MATERIALS.

Application led December 2G, 1920. Serial No. L$1,853.

To all flchomv't may] concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANZ Pennine., a`

citizen of Germany, residing in Pittsburgh,

in the county of Allegheny and State of 5 Pennsylvania, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Ap aratus for Coking -Liquefiable Bituminous aterials, of Which the following is a specification.

This. invention comprehends v improve- 1.0 ments of general utility in the art of colt'ing liqueiable bituminous materials7 such as pitchg and also comprehends certain im! proveniente especially applicableto pit-checking apparatus of the general type exeml5 pliied in my prior' Letters 'Patent of theY Tlnited States for process-and apparatus for coking pitch, No. 1,392,879, dated October The invention has for an object the provision of a thoroughly efficient means vtor. scalina the top of the receptacle which contains the liouefiable bituminous material during the cokingr thereof, and yet in effecting such sealing through the instrumentality of a receptacle cover which is located between the roof of the furnace and the top of the receptacle. thereby preventing material 'which might leak out of the receptacle from I 1 spillingr on the roof of the furnace and ignit- 3". ing'. and also checking' wasteful radiation of heat through the cover of the receptacle to the outer air. The reduction ofithe radiay tion factor to a minimum permitsl the cokingl lo hc carried ou efficiently with the employ-` ment of'lower temperatures than have heretofore been found practicable. for the reason .that the teniperature need not be raised to conu'icnsate ,for` radiationlosses and only4 such heat need be supplied to the interior of 10 the receptacle as is necessary to colte thematerial. .in important advantage accrues from the employment of lower temperatures iuasn'iuch as such lower temperatures are' less destructive to the receptacles and .other parts with a consequent prolongation o'f their service. The sealing devices of, the ,invention are effective in large measure to .prevent leakage from the vpot or receptacle."

However. becausev of the novel arrangement ot' the receptacle covc'r with respect to the furnace roof` in the event leakafzes should orcluxhe spilled material 'will fall directly into the 'furnace whereit can do no damage. ln the case ot spilt pitch. the pitch will be simply -r.on.'erted into cokeV which may be the receptacle.l

removed from the furnace as desired. Moreovegif suction be applied to the distillate outlet of the receptacle to assist the' discharge of the distillate no air can enter -the receptacle and cause an explosion. Al-

though a small amount of burned fuel from the furnace may be drawn into the receptacle, no harm would result therefrom, but, onvthe contrary, the waste gasv would help to convey the distillate out of the receptacle and thus assist the discharge of distillates.

Other objects of the invention are the rovision of efficient mechanism for suspen ing the receptacle withinA the furnace, and a novel mechanism for clamping the cover on 'i the receptable with a. yielding;r pressure, so.

as positively to. force the cover into sealing engagement with all portions of the top of In additionto the general objects recited above, the invention has for further objects suchother improvements or advantages in construction and operation' as are found'to obtainv inthe structures and'devices hereinafter described orclaimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and showing, for purposes of exemplification, a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting the claimed .invention specifically to suchfillustrativc instance or instances:

Figure `l is a vertical sectional elevation Aot' au apparatus for coking liquefiable bituminousmaterial constructed in accordance with the present improvements;

Fig". 2 .is a horizontal sectional elevation of the same, taken ina plane indicated by the line 2-2 of'Fig. 1; l

3 is a detailed vertical sectional elevation taken in a plane indicated by the line 3-3 ot Fig. l; v

Fig'. e is another detailed vertical sectional elevation taken in a plane indicated by the line i-ft of Fig. 5; and

y is a view similar to Fig. l but llus tratingfanother form of the invention.

The same characters of reference indicate the same parts iu each of the'several views of the drawings. v

lin the embodimentillustrated in the accornpanyinudrawings, the invention is applied to apitch-coking receptacle or pot of the general form and character exemplified in. my cti-pending application aforesaid. u@

For convenience, the present description will be confined tov the present illustrated embodiment of the invention; the novel features and improvementsmade by the inwention are` however, susceptible of,l other applications; hence, the scope of theinventnui is not coniind to the specific nseand specific embodiment herein described as an illustrative example.

Referring to the drawings. there is shown at 11 the side wall of a furnace chamber 12. within which is developed the heat necessary for coking the material contained within the pot or receptacle 13. rl`he construction of the furnace is immaterial to the present in.

vention.. and, for present purposes, the furnace wall 11 may be considered either as the w'all of a stationary colrimgr apparatus; or of a furnace construction in which a pluuality of receptacles are conveyed through the furnace chamber, the colringr of the material charged into said receptacles being effected during their movement through the furnace chamber. At the top of the furnace walls 1 1 which are respectively located onfopposite. sides of the hereinafter described receptacles or pots, there are provided troughs 14, containing sand, designated at 15, into which sand dip the down-turned flanges 1G that are respectively provided' at the opposite sides of the furnace roof 17. The roof 17 may be constructed of metallic roof plates secured together in any suitable manner and is preferably covered with alayer of insulating material y18 to prevent excessive loss of heat by radiation from the furnace chamber,

and thus to permit conduction of heat through the lower metallic shell 20 'to the top portion of the receptacle 13, where the heat conducted thereto is utilized for keeping the y tcmpe rature high enough to prevent condenpreferably made of relatively thicker metal than the main body portion of the rece -4 tacle, not only to provide an exceedingy strong construction at the upper end of the receptacle, but also to slow up the heat penetration at this point in order to prevent the application of excessive temperatures to the vapors and distillates in the top of the receptacle.

4During' the coking'of. the material within the receptacle 13, the upper open-mouthed end of the latter is closed by means of a re-f ceptacle cover .20. Said cover 2O is provided `,with a downwardly-projecting sealing flange 2l adapted for izo-operative sealing engagement with the top sealing surface 22 of the sealing ring or flange 19 carried by the receptacle. 4The cover 2O is suspended from the roof 1T of the furnace by means of a plu rality of bolts 23 which are respectively screwed into lugs 211 )rojecting from the top face of the cover, T ese bolts 23 are passed loosely through holes formed in avring 25 mounted on top of the furnace roof 17, and the. receptacle cover 20 is prevented from falling into the furnace chamber by nuts 2l', applied to the upper ends of said bolts which project beyond the aforesaid plate 25. This construction however permits the cover 20 to bear by gravity on the sealing flange 1.) of the receptacle and such gravital movenent of the cover 20 is supplemented by a like gravital movement of the furnace roof 1T, which is permitted by reason of the fact thatfthe opposite sides of the latter are supported within loose sand seals 15. The result is that tlie entire weight ofthe cover 20 and the furnace roof 17 is supported byI the sealing' flange 19 of the receptacle, a con-l dition tending to sealtlie cover 20 on the top of the receptacle and 'to provide a substantial lealr-tight joint.

The invention, however, supplements the sealing ed'ect produced by the above set forth gravital movements of the furnace roof and receptacle cover, by the provisionv of means for positively forcing the receptacle cover,

'preferably 4with a yielding pressure, into 10* sealing engagement with a top sealing flangeA of the receptacle. Formed at. intervals along the peripheral portion of the cover 2O are sockets 27 into which project thelower ends respectively of pressure pins 28, there being. in the present instance, twelve of said pressure pins. The upper ends of said pressure pins' 28 are respectively fulcrumed at 29 to pinoperatingdevers 30, the fulcruln points 29 of said levers 30 being between their inner and outer ends as shown. These levers 3() are disposed radially of the receptacle cover 20 and their outer ends 31 are respectively adapted to be moved into or out 'of engagement with co-operating4 abutments 32 pending from a supporting ring Moun 1- ed on the roof 17, substantially above the center of the cover 20, 'is a vertically-projecting'supporting rod 34. on which is slid ably mounted an encircling Isleeve 35, the latter carrying at is lower end an upper disk 36 and a lower disk 37. The upper end ofy said sleeve 35 is pivoted at 38 to one member 39 of a toggle. This toggle member M 39 is pivoted at 40 to the other v'toggle member ll1 and the latter is in turn pivotally" suspended at the point 42 on the cross bar of the suppm-tingl iframe. .Extending outwardly from and formed with the upper toggle member 41 at a point below the pivot 40 is an operating handle 44. With this construction, by moving the handle 44 upwardly and toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 1, the centralpivot 'point 40 will be shift-ed past dead center to a posi-tion such as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.' Such movement of the toggle members 39 and 41 is edective to y drawup the sleeve 2%5 on the supporting rod 34and with said sleeve the disks 3G and 3T. On "movement of the opel -ating handle 44 in-v the reverse direction, a

reverse movement offthe toggle members I 39 and 41V takes lace with'th'e result that the` pressure pins 28 or to apply'clamping.

the sleeve an the disks 36 and 37 are lowered. f

The upward and lowering movements ofA the disks 36 and 3T are utiliied to relieve the cover'Qu from clamping pressure exerted by pressure to said cover in the following manF ner: Secured between the disks 3G and 37 are 'vertical pins 45 on which the inner ends of the .before-mentioned levers 30 are slidably mounted. lso .encircling said pins 45 and bearingr against the upper faces-of the vlevers 30 are collars 46'which are pressedownwardly into engagement with the respective'levers 30 by means of coil springs 47 interposed between the upper faces o said collars and the bott om face of the upper disk 36. On downward movement of the operating handle 44 the downward pres'-A 4sure exerted lby the upper disk 36 is `transmitted through the springs 47 and collars 4G to the inner ends of the several levers 30 and these levers move about their fulcrums'29 until their outer ends 31- engage the aforesaid abutments 32. After such engagement has been effected., the downward pressure exerted by the disk 36 is transmitted throughthe pins 28, causing the latter to press downwardly at points along theperiphery ol' the receptacle cover Q0 andv A all`l points of the'receptacle cover with the sealing fiange of the' receptacle. Then itis desired to release the clamping 'pressurel above described, the ,operating handle 44 is moved in the opposite direction so lthat the bottom disk 3T is elevated. As the disk 37 moves upwardly it contacts with the bottom faces of the inner ends of the several levers y30 and in so doingli'fts the -lever 3Q concurrently and the pressure pins 28, thereby releasing the receptacle from the .clamping action of the cover. 4

The invention provides mechanism for suspending the receptacle within the furnace chamber, independently ofV the receptacle cover 2() and the furnace roof 17 and o the hereinabove described means for applying clamping pressure to therecepta'lcle cover 20, Secured4 to the seating flange 19 at spaced intervalsI therealong, is a 'plurality of, in the present instance, twelve, upwardly4 pmjecting hangers 4S These' hangers are each provided at their upper ends with heads 49- adapted-to be engaged respectively by' the opposite clamping jaws 50 of the hooks 51. Thehooks 51 correspond in number with `the hangers 48 and are each rotatably mounted on horizontal axes constituted by U-bolts supported by' the ring 33 ofthe'inain supporting rame.` A rotatable ring' is provided with a plurality of inwardly. pro'- jecting pins 54 w ich are respectively passed through the hooks 51. lith this construction the several hooks 51 may be disengaged in unison from the heads4 49 of 'their cooperating hangers 48 by a rotary movement of the ring 53 in oneV directionor may be moved into locking'- engagement with the heads of said hangers by 'a rotary movement Aof said ring 53 Ain the opposite direction.

In order, however, to effect disengagement f of the hooks-51 from the hangers 48,-When,

for example, itv is desired to Adump the'coke 9 from the receptacle,.the pressure of the pot 13 on the hooks 51 must be relieved. For this purpose, the supporting ring 33 and its supporting frame may be lowered by means of a bail 55 secured to the supporting frame, such lowering movement of thel bail 55 being accompanied by a concurrent loweringmovement of the ring' and the hooks 51, which are supported thereby. At this time the pot 13 will be suitably supported on its bottom, so that th hooks 51jmay'be moved elear of the weigh the pot, and readily disengaged by a= rotary movement of the ring If desired, the pressure between the hooks 51 and the hangers 48 ofthe pot may be relieved by "sliglitl v.'1ifting the pot,v-in

stead of lowering the ring 33.'

The pot or receptacle 13, isAv charged through a charging pipe'56 and the vapors of distillation which arise'Y from the 'coking of thev material within the receptacle pass out through -a vapor outlet' 57.

In'the form of the invention illustrated in I"ig.'5, theseparate furnace roof and receptacle cover ,of the form herein above described is substituted by a combined furnace roof and-receptacle cover 58 constructed of a bottom metallic section 59 and an upper insulating section 60. The metallic section- 59 projects beyond the sides of the receptacle 13 and is thus directly exposed to the heat within the furnace chamber 12. Said metallic section 59 .acts to conduct heat into the upper portion of the receptacle 13 and keep said portion of the receptacle at a temperature high enough to prevent condensation of distillates. At the same time the' insulating Sectiontll prevents excessive radiation to the outer air and :consequent loss of heat. Thel inventiolkas hereinabove set .forth is embodi'edzina particular formof invention but mav be variously euibodied within the vscope off' the lclaimshereinafter made.

I claim: 1 y l 1. In an apparatus for coking liqueiable .bituminous materials, in combination: a fur nace chamber;.a receptacle forcontaining the material to be coked; a' plurality oi suspensionldevices cnga'geable with Saul receptacle for holding vthe latter suspended within said furnace chan'iber; means for releasing said suspension devicesl with respect to said receptacle; a .furnace roof mounted above the 'upper end of saidrecaptacle; 'a receptacle cover interposed between said rootand the upper end'of said receptacle; both said Aroof and said receptacle cover bearing by gravit)T on the topofwthe receptacle; and means, operable independently of said suspension devices and of the gravital movements of'said roof and receptacle cover, for positively forcing the receptacle cover into sealing'engagement with the to of said receptacle; substantially as speci 'ed 2. In an apparatus for coking liqueiiable bituminous materials, in combination: a furnace chamber; a receptacle for-containing the material to be coked; a. furnace roof mounted above the upper end of said receptacle; a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end of said receptacle; both said roof and said receptacle cover bearing by Vgravity on the top of the.

receptacle; and a plurality of suspension devices engageable with said receptacle, independently of the furnace roof and the. receptacle` cover, for holding said receptacle sus` pended within said -furnace chamber; substantially as specified..

3. In an apparatus for coking liquotiable bituminous materials, in combination; a turnace chamber; a receptacle for containing the material to be coked; a furnace root mounted above the upper end of said receptacle; a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end of said recepta- ,cle; both said roof and said receptacle cover bearing by gravity on the top of the receptacle; a plurality of suspension devices engageable with said receptacle, independently of the furnace roof and the receptacle cover, for holding saidreceptacle suspended within said furnace chamber; and means for releasing-said suspension devices in unison with respect to said receptacle; substantially as specified. y

4.- In an apparatus for coking liqueliable bituminous materials, in combination: a furnace chamber;I a receptacle for containing the material to be coked mounted within tacle; and means, operable independently' of the gravita] movements of the said roofA and receptacle cover, for piiisitivcly forcing the receptacle cover into sealing engagement with the top oi said receptacle; substantially 'as specified.

In an ai paratus for coking liquefiablebituminous materials, in combination with a furnace chamber: a receptacle for contaming the material to be coked and adapted to be mounted witliinsaid furnace chamber; a furnace roof `mounted above the upper end of said receptacle; a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end ot' said receptacle; both said roof andsaid receptacleoover bearing by gravity on the to of th'oiieceptacle'; and means, operable in ependently of the gravital movements of said roof and said receptacle cover, for positivel forcing the receptacle cover with a y' yiel ing pressure into sealing engagement with the -tcp of said receptacle, substantially as specific 6. In an apparatus for coking liquefiable bituminous materials, in combination with a `furnace chamber: a receptacle for containing the material to be coked mounted and adapted to be within said furnace chamber; a furnace roof mounted above the upper end of said receptacle; and a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end ofsaid receptacle; both said rooi` and said receptacle cover bearing by gravity on tbe top of the receptacle, said roof being downwardly movable relative to the walls of said chamber; substantially as specified.

7. In an apparatus tor coking liqueiiable bituminous materials, in combination with a furnace chamber; a receptacle for containing the material to be coked and adapted to be mounted within said 4furnace chamber; a

furnace roof mounted above the upper end of said. receptacle; a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end of said receptacle; and means for positively forcing the receptacle cover into sealing engagement with the top of said receptacle; substantially as specified.. 'A

8. In an apparatus for coking liquefiable bituminous materials, in combination with a furnace chamber: a receptacle for containing the material to be coked and adapted to be mounted within said furnace chamber; :i furnace roof mounted above the upper end oi.' said receptacle; a receptacle cover interposed between said roof and the upper end of said receptacle; and means, operable with a yielding pressure, for positively forcing the l with the top of said receptacle, substantially Y bituminous materials, in combination: a receptacle for containing the material to be colred; a receptacle cover for closing the upper end or' said receptacle and movable by gravity into said closing position; a furnace chamber' containing said receptacle; and means forcing the cover into sealing engagement' with the top of said retfeptacle, said means also closing the top of said furnace chamber; substantially as specified. y

l0. ln an apparatus for coking liquetiable bituminous materials, in combination: a receptacle for containing the material Ito be coked; a receptacle cover for closing the upper end oi said receptacle and' movable by gravity in such closing position, and means, operable independently of the gravital movement ot said receptacle cover, for positively forcing the latter with a yielding pressure into sealing engagement with the top of said receptacle, substantially as specified.y

11. In an apparatus for colrin liqueable bituminous materials, in combination: an open-mouthed receptacle for containing material to be colred; a receptacle cover engageable with the peripheral portion of said receptacle for closing the latter and movable by gravity into said closing position; a plurality or' pressure devices" disposed peripherally of said receptacle cover for positively forcing the latter into scaling engagement With the peripheral portion o't said receptacle; means for applying pressure concurrently to cach of said devices; and means for equalizing the pressure applied to said devices; substantially as specified.

l2. In an apparatus for colring liqueiable bituminous materials, in pomblnation: an open-mouthed receptacle for containing the material to be colred; a receptacle cover engageable with the peripheral portion of said receptacle for closing the latter and movable by gravity' into said closingvposition; a plurality of prcssure-transm1tt1ng pins engageable with the peripheral portion ot'said Vreceptacle cover; levers individually cooperable with said pressure pins; a unitarylever-operating means forv moving said leve 1s concurrently to apply pressure to each o said pins, and yielding connections interposed between said levers and said lever-operating means; substantially as speciem 13. In an apparatus for colring liquefiable bituminous materials, in combination: a furnace chamber; a receptacle for containing the material to be colred and adapted to be mounted within said furnace' chamber; a combined furnace roof and receptacle cover mounted above the upper end of said receptacle and extended beyond the sides of the latter; and means for positively forcing said combined furnace rootl and receptacle cover into sealing engagement With the top of said receptacle, substantially as specified.

14. In an apparatus for coking pitch and the like, in combination: a Jfurnace chamber, a receptacle for the pitch Within said cham; ber, and a receptacle'cover and furnace roof on the upper end of said receptacle, said root having` a movable seal with the furnace walls to retain gases and permit the receptacle-closing action of said cover and roof.

FRANZ PUENING. 

